The Japanese Accentor breeds in Japan's mountains and appears at lower elevations in winter. The sexes look alike; in winter, the Kyoto branch of the Wild Bird Society of Japan records it in riverside scrub and similar cover.
Its plumage is mostly subdued grey-brown, and males and females look much alike.
It spends the breeding season in high mountains of Shikoku and central to northern Honshu, then moves lower in winter. Kyoto records include riverbank scrub and low shrubs.
An extinction-risk assessment has not been added yet.