The Orange-spotted Bulbul lives in humid forest and mountain scrub on Sumatra, Java, and Bali. This entry follows the two subspecies listed by the current species account.
Eaton and Collar's comparison describes Pycnonotus bimaculatus (including tenggerensis) as having narrow yellow-orange eyelid edges and yellow ear-coverts, in contrast to northern Sumatran snouckaerti.
The species account lists humid lowland and montane forest, moist high-altitude scrub, farmland, and old forest as habitats.
An extinction-risk assessment has not been added yet.