Kalinowski's agouti is represented by a specimen record from Peru's Urubamba Valley. The published specimens differ in belly color, while species-specific natural-history information remains limited.
The adult female collected during the 1915 expedition was reported to have less yellow on the belly than the type specimen. Its coat was also described as more faded.
Animal Diversity Web describes agoutis and acouchis at the family level: they are usually solitary, may gather around food, and eat items such as fruits, nuts, leaves, and roots.
An extinction-risk assessment has not been added yet.