This spiny rat occurs in central Brazil. In a habitat analysis at Brasília National Park, all nine individuals used for the microhabitat analysis were captured in dry gallery forest.
A historical morphological account described specimens then classified as Proechimys longicaudatus roberti as having nearly uniform ochraceous-orange upperparts and long, narrow bristles.
In the Brasília National Park habitat-analysis grids, all nine individuals were captured in dry gallery forest. Captures were also associated with babaçu palms; the authors suggested their nuts might be a food source.
An extinction-risk assessment has not been added yet.