Cabanis's Ground-Sparrow is endemic to Costa Rica, from the Central Valley east toward Turrialba. Adults have black-and-white facial markings and a large black chest patch; juveniles are browner and more faintly marked. It uses thickets, young secondary growth, fragmented groves, and coffee plots.
Adults have black forehead and cheeks, white marks around and behind the eye, a chestnut crown, and a large central black chest patch. Juveniles are brighter brown above and have a duller, less distinct face pattern.
It frequents dense undergrowth, thickets and young secondary growth, fragmented groves, coffee plantations, and hedgerows.
An extinction-risk assessment has not been added yet.