Brachycephalus
- Pedra da Tartaruga Flea Toad Brachycephalus auroguttatus
In adult males, the dorsal surface is granular, with circular or oval glandular warts juxtaposed. In adult males, the snout is short and rounded in dorsal and lateral views. In adult males, toes I and V are externally absent. It was found in cloud-forest leaf litter at 1070–1100 m elevation, with some individuals calling while hidden in the litter. It is known from the type locality at Pedra da Tartaruga, Garuva, Santa Catarina, southern Brazil.
- Morro do Cachorro Flea Toad Brachycephalus boticario
In adult males, the dorsal surface is granular, with circular glandular warts almost juxtaposed. In adult males, the snout is short and rounded in dorsal and lateral views. In adult males, toe I is very reduced and toe V is externally absent. It was found in forest leaf litter at 755–795 m elevation. Some individuals hidden in the litter were calling. It is known from the type locality at Morro do Cachorro, on the border of Blumenau, Gaspar and Luiz Alves, Santa Catarina, southern Brazil.
- Brachycephalus dacnis
Adults are under 1 cm long. In the holotype, the back was yellowish brown, with dark brown side stripes and small white belly spots.
- Morro do Baú Flea Toad Brachycephalus fuscolineatus
In adult males, the dorsal surface is granular, with large circular glandular warts juxtaposed. In adult males, the snout is short and rounded in dorsal and lateral views. In adult males, toes I and V are externally absent. It was found in montane-forest leaf litter at 640–790 m elevation. Some specimens hidden in the litter were calling. It is known from the type locality at Morro do Baú, Ilhota, Santa Catarina, southern Brazil.
- Serra do Araçatuba Flea Toad Brachycephalus leopardus
In adult males, the dorsal surface is smooth. In adult males, the nostrils are protuberant and directed anterolaterally. In adult males, toe I is externally absent, while toe V is very reduced and vestigial. It was found in leaf litter in patches of cloud forest and is active by day. Calling adult males were never found exposed on top of the leaf litter. There is a type collecting record from Serra do Araçatuba, Tijucas do Sul, Paraná, southern Brazil.
- Serra Queimada Flea Toad Brachycephalus mariaeterezae
In adult males, the dorsal surface is rough and granular, with large circular to oval glandular warts widely spaced. In adult males, the snout is short and rounded in dorsal and lateral views. In adult males, toes I and V are externally absent. It was found in cloud-forest leaf litter at 1265–1270 m elevation. Some individuals hidden in the litter were calling. It is known from the type locality at the summit of Serra Queimada, within RPPN Caetezal in Joinville, Santa Catarina, southern Brazil.
- Olive-backed Flea Toad Brachycephalus olivaceus
In adult females, the dorsal surface is rugose, with large circular or oval glandular warts widely spaced. In adult females, the snout is short and rounded in dorsal and lateral views. In adult females, toes I and V are externally absent. It was found in montane-forest leaf litter at 800–985 m elevation. Individuals were active by day, and calling males were found in the litter. It is known from two nearby localities, the base of Serra Queimada and Castelo dos Bugres, in Joinville, Santa Catarina, southern Brazil.
- Morro da Tromba Flea Toad Brachycephalus verrucosus
In adult females, the dorsal surface is granular, with large circular, oval or elongate glandular warts juxtaposed. In adult females, the snout is short and rounded in dorsal and lateral views. In adult females, toes I and V are externally absent. It was found in montane-forest leaf litter at 455–945 m elevation. Some individuals hidden in the litter were calling. It is known from the type locality at Morro da Tromba, Joinville, Santa Catarina, southern Brazil.